阅读下面的文字，完成题。
①求也退，故近之；由也兼人，故退之。
②子游曰：事君数，斯辱矣；朋友数，斯辱矣。
③质胜文则野，文胜质则史。文质彬彬，然后君子。
以上三条材料，可以用论语中的哪一个思想贯穿？
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选择其中一则材料对所体现的思想加以简析。
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