高中英语试题

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Today is Sunday． I've been in Russia for two months． This is the first time that I've been away my family for such a long time． With the help of Annie， a roommate of me， I soon get used to live without my parents around． Annie， like many other Russian girls， are nice and lively． We became friends shortly after we met each other． Although his English is a little hardly to understand， we enjoy chatting and we usually talk a lot about our friends． We're both surprising that Chinese culture and Russian culture were so different． Now，we are planning a small party for the next Sunday． There，Annie will introduce me to some of her friends， one of who has been to China several times．I just can’t wait．

My friend had mentioned the other day that her father had a lot of children's toys he was looking to give away．She knew I have a three-year-old daughter so she thought of me first．I told her I would love it if I could get some nice things for my daughter，which I wouldn't otherwise have been able to afford．
When I met her father，he began to explain he was too poor once and that he would hate to throw away things that can be very useful．
Before he showed me what he was giving away，I thought the toys would be mostly lego's(乐高积木) or things like that．When he was showing me around I saw a bed，a slide，a kitchen set and many other things that just blew my mind．He told me to write a list of everything my daughter could use and as my eyes were wide，he told me not to feel guilty．He said I was helping him by getting rid of the stuff．
As I was looking around I did feel guilty，but I tried to remain more grateful than guilty．Every time I tried to thank him for giving me and my daughter all this wonderful stuff he would thank me right back．I wanted to believe that he was just thanking me so that I wouldn't feel so guilty but in reality I believe that he was as grateful as I was that these toys would be put to good use．
In the eyes of charity，it makes sense to feel grateful，but guilt is just as normal．I know that we could have lived without a slide，which is why I do feel guilty，but I am grateful all the same because my daughter really does enjoy all these nice things!
Why did the old man want to give away his toys?

A．He wanted to help those poor children．

B．He was wealthy enough to buy new toys．

C．He wanted to make full use of those toys．

D．He needed some space for more useful things．

In the writer's opinion，the old man felt grateful because

A．he wanted to make her more guilty

B．he wanted her to take the toys quickly

C．the toys would be put to good use

D．he finally got rid of the stuff

What can we know from the passage?

A．The writer took all the toys home．

B．The old man was a kind and thoughtful person

C．The writer wanted to refuse the stuff when she first saw them．

D．The writer's daughter enjoyed the slide most among all the stuff．

How did the writer feel when given the stuff?

A．Guilty and honored．

B．Grateful and respected．

C．Honored and respected．

D．Guilty and grateful．

Tiny transmitters(发射机) fixed on the backs of the blue-green bees have allowed scientists to follow the insects as they fly for miles in search of rare flowers．
Working in Panama，scientists caught 17 bees of the common species and fixed a 300 milligram radio light onto the back of each．The signals they sent out were used to follow their movements in and around the forest where they lived．
Professor Martin，from Princeton University，US，and the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology in Germany，said，“By following the radio signals，we discovered that male bees spent most of their time in small centre areas，but could take off and visit areas farther away．One male even crossed over the shipping lanes in the Panama Canal，flying at least 5km，and returned a few days later．”
Researchers have struggled to follow the movements of bees before，following bees marked with paint or using radar which doesn’t work well in forests．
“Carrying the transmitter could reduce the distance that the bees travel，but even if the flight distances we record are the shortest distances that these bees can fly，they are impressive，long-distance movements，” said Dr．Roland Kays，from New York State Museum，a co-author of the research published today in the on-line journal．“This result helps to explain how these bees’ pollination(授粉) can be so rare．” Pollination by bees and other insects is the key to the diversity and continued growth of flowers and trees in some forests．
The new study is the first to use radio transmitters to follow bees in a forest．Similar research may now be carried in temperate forests，where bees also play a vital role．
The main purpose of the passage is to___

A．call on people to protect the bees for the environment

B．explain why the bees fly far away in search of flowers

C．introduce a modern way to follow the bees to readers

D．encourage the public to support the scientists' research

What was the problem when researchers tried to follow the bees in the past?

A．It was quite difficult to mark the bees

B．The radar itself didn't work very well

C．The bees weren't easy to be recognized

D．Environmental limits were hard to solve

What Dr．Roland Kays said implied that____

A．he didn't expect bees could fly so long a distance

B．The transmitter didn't have any effects on bees at all

C．He wanted to know how far bees could travel badly

D．The record was in fact as exact as he had thought

Researchers follow the movements of bees mainly to___

A．learn how far they can fly at most

B．discover how they affect the plants

C．correct some wrong ideas about bees

D．get to know where they enjoy living

If you're tired of the Mediterranean and don't want to head to Disney again，perhaps it's time for a summer holiday in space．Russia has declared plans for its first floating hotel，217 miles above earth，and it is something of an offering with good service．
Hosting just seven guests in a four cabins，the accommodation will boast huge windows with views back to earth and tasty microwave meals will be served instead of the ones often used by astronauts．
Just getting there will be an adventure in itself—it will take two days aboard a Soyuz rocket—and it won't exactly be a budget holiday: A five-day stay will cost you￡100，000 to￡500，000 for your journey．The hotel is due to open by 2016 and，according to those behind it，will be far more comfortable than the International   Space Station (ISS) used by astronauts and cosmonauts．
In the weightlessness of space，visitors can choose to have beds that are either vertical or horizontal．Tourists，who will be accompanied by experienced crew，will dine on food prepared on Earth and sent up on the rocket，to be reheated in microwave ovens．Many kinds of delicacies will be available．
Iced tea，mineral water and fruit juices will be available，but alcohol will be strictly prohibited．Toilets will use flowing air instead of water to move waste through the system．Waste water will be recycled．
Sergei Kostenko，chief executive of Orbital Technologies which will construct the hotel，said: “Our planned module inside will not remind you of the International Space Station．A hotel should be comfortable inside，and it will be possible to look at the Earth．The hotel will be aimed at wealthy individuals and people working for private companies who want to do research in space．” The hotel can also be used as an emergency bolthole (避难处) for astronauts aboard the International Space Station if there is a crisis．
Which can be the best title of the passage?

A．Russia declares the design for its first space hotel

B．The first space hotel is under construction now

C．The astronauts will have a second home in space

D．Russia has the advanced technology in exploring space

What does the underlined word “budget” in the 3rd paragraph mean?

A．expensive

B．worthwhile

C．economic

D．uncomfortable

What kind of accommodation will the guests have in the space hotel?

A．They will have the same food as the astronauts have．

B．Many kinds of drinks are available including alcohol．

C．Guests can have beds that are either vertical or horizontal．

D．Tourists are accompanied by the astronauts from the ISS．

Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The space hotel is built to remind you of the International Space Station．

B．The hotel is constructed with big windows so that tourists can see the earth．

C．The company，Orbital Technologies，has already begun to build the space hotel．

D．In the near future，a space trip for most of the people can be realized．

Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman．A man goes shopping because he needs something．All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want．If the shop has it in stock，the salesman immediately finds it，and the business of trying it on follows at once．All being well，the deal can be and often is completed inless than five minutes．
For a man，small problems may begin when the shop doesn't have what he wants．In that case，thesalesman，tries to sell the customer something else．“I know this jacket is not the style you want，sir，but would you like to try it for size? It happens to be thecolour you mentioned．”Few men have patience with this treatment，and the usual response is: “This is the right colour and may be the right size，but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on．”
However，a woman in almost every respect she does so in the opposite way．Her shopping is not often based on needand she is only “having a look around”．She is always open to persuasion; indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her．She will try on any number ofthings．Most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes．They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain．Faced with a roomful of dresses，a woman may easily spend an hour going from one room to another，often retracing her steps，before selecting the dresses she wants to try on．It is a laborious process，but apparently an enjoyable one．Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands．
The underlined part “sets great store by ” in paragraph 3 means___

A．has much information about

B．knows nothing bout

C．believes in

D．has her doubts about

What does the passage tell us about women shoppers for clothes?

A．They welcome suggestions from others．

B．They rarely consider buying cheap clothes．

C．They predict what they want to buy．

D．They listen to advice but never take it．

What can we learn from the passage?

A．Men never buy what they don't need

B．A man's shopping is often based on need

C．A woman goes shopping in order to look for cheap things

D．A woman's shopping is never based on need．

完形填空
The school was across the street from our home and I would often watch the kids as they played during the break．She seemed so small as she pushed her way the crowd of boys on the playground．She  from them all．
I began to notice her at other times，basketball in hand，playing ．She would practice dribbling (运球) and shooting over and over again，sometimes until．One day I asked her  she practiced so much．She looked in my eyes and without a moment of hesitation she said，“I want to go to college．The only way I can is if I get a scholarship，I am going to play college basketball．I want to be．My Daddy told me if the dream is big enough，the facts don’t count．”
Well，I had to give it in to her—she was．One day，I saw her sitting in the grass，head  in her arms．I walked toward her and quietly asked what was  “Oh，nothing，” came a soft reply．“I am just too short．” The coach told her that at her height she would probablyget to play for a top ranked team，offered a scholarship．So she stop dreaming about college．
She was and I sensed her disappointment．I asked her if she had talked to her dad about it yet．She told me that her father said those coaches were wrong．They just did not  the power of a dream．He told her she really wanted to play for a good college，if she truly wanted a scholarship，could stop her except one thing — her own attitude．He told her again，“If the dream is big enough，the facts don’t count．”
The next year，as she and her team went to the Northern California Championship game，she was seen by a college recruiter (招聘人员)．She was indeed offered a．She was going to get the college education that she had and worked toward it for all those years．

A．through B．across C．over D．into

A．brought out B．showed out C．stood out D．worked out

A．only B．lonely C．simply D．alone

A．dark B．dawn C．midnight D．daybreak

A．how B．when C．why D．what

A．worriedly B．shyly C．quietly D．directly

A．go B．meet C．enter D．attend

A．worse B．better C．the best D．the worst

A．determined B．encouraged C．fixed D．fascinated

A．covered B．enclosed C．dropped D．buried

A．the affair B．wrong with C．the thing D．the matter

A．ever B．even C．once D．never

A．far more B．much less C．more less D．many more

A．should B．must C．can D．may

A．overjoyed B．moved C．embarrassed D．heartbroken

A．understand B．experience C．learn D．believe

A．even if B．as if C．that if D．only if

A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything

A．prize B．medal C．scholarship D．position

A．dreamed of B．relied on C．thought of D．looked forward

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Research shows that the summer before college can be a dangerous time for teenagers，as they are between home and high school on the one side，and a more challenging and independent existence as a college student on the other．
Take drinking for example．Research has reported that teenagers tend to increase their alcohol use during the summer before college and in their first term．Such drinking can lead to tragedy: it's estimated that more than 1，100 college students at 18 to 24 years of age die each year from alcohol-related injuries，including car crashes，and almost 600，000 are injured under the influence of alcohol.
In addition to drinking，future freshmen may also have gaps in their knowledge about other aspects of university life．A study has found that students are “generally aware” of the fact that they have to place them into college courses and their school's curricular requirements．In addition，many students hold misunderstandings such as “Getting into college is the hardest part”，and “I can take whatever classes I want when I get to college”．In fact，students’courses may be determined by their level of preparation．
It is found that college-bound high-school graduates are faced with a number of potentially frightening tasks during the summer．For example，colleges typically require students to take placement tests（分班考试）and fill out a lot of paperwork，including housing and medical forms，over the summer．Completing these tasks may be especially frightening for low-income and first-generation college-bound students whose families may be short of experience with the college-going process．
In addition，it's only in the summer after high-school graduation when students face the reality of paying the first college bill，which often includes unexpected costs like required health insurance．For college-intending students，successfully controlling the post-high-school summer thus requires a level of finance that may be unrelated to their ability to succeed in the classroom．As a result，students who have already broken through many barriers to college admission may fail to enter college．
Paring college-bound students with “fellow advisers”---students already in college who have been trained to support and coach their learners through the summer---improves the rate at which the learners show up at college．Even more wonderful，a low-cost campaign of text messages---in which researchers sent recent high-school graduates and their parents a series of eight to ten text-message reminders of key tasks to complete over the summer---is just as effective in increasing the rate of students who successfully make the change to college．
A little “summer pushing” could be a key step in getting students all the way across the finish line．

The key to college success: Summer
Facts	The summer before college throws . Dangers to high-school graduates.
College life is challenging and needs students’
Reasons for college failure	Many misfortunes happening to future freshmen are related to
Future freshmen have salse.about college life.
Tasks related to going to college may create some for a certain group of high-school graduates.
Finance may become a threat to those who can give good academic performance.
	Get ready, as the level of preparations really does
Future freshmen may be recommended to to “fellow advisers”
Text messages can be used as of completing key tasks.

Chocolate has come a long way through history，and one of the reasons is the Ferrero family，the creators of the world-famous Ferrero Rocher chocolate treats．The history of this family business starts back in the 1940s，when Pietro Ferrero and his wife，Piera，transformed a pastry shop into a factory．There，Pietro and his son，Michele，let their creativity lead them to form the building blocks of the company．Eventually，Michele took over the operation and set his sights on making the best products possible.
Michele's efforts paid off．He turned his father's creations into globally sold and consumed products．One of their most successful products，Nutella，had become a staple food in many homes．The third generation now runs the company．Michele's sons，Pietro and Giovanni worked side by side as managing directors for ten years until an accident resulting in Pietro'death．Still inspired by his family and their hard work and determination，Giovanni is guiding Ferrero into the future.
While staying true to the Ferrero motto of “work，create，and donate”，he is making sure his family's business is an example of success in the past，present，and future.
［写作内容］
1．以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。
2．以约120个词谈谈Ferrero及其家人成功制作巧克力对你的启迪，内容包括：
（1）描述人们创业的艰辛。
（2）分析人们创业成功的原因。
（3）Ferrero及其家人成功制作巧克力对你的启迪。
［写作要求］
1．作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。
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请认真阅读下列句子，根据所读内容在空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
The Queen often _______（咨询，请教）her advisors before making a speech to the Parliament.
The plane crashed，its bombs _________（爆炸）as it hit the ground.
Would you mind my ________（打断）for a while？ I have some questions to discuss with you.
The days spent with you are very______（宝贵的，珍贵的）to me，so I'll alwaystreasure them.
She backed away from the window in fear when bullets ___________（呼啸）past her ears.
The idea of a holiday abroad is surely a___________，but I don't have sufficient money.
B_________ her self-confident surface，she's quite unsure of herself.
Most of us hate the i_________ of not being able to use credit cards to buy things in this shop.
After years of efforts，his business started to make a p_______.
The s ________theory was easier to understand，which saved the instructor much explanation.

At the beginning of the World Series of 1947，I experienced a completely new emotion，when the National Anthem was played． This time，I thought，it is being played for me，as much as for anyone else．This is organized major league baseball，and I am standing here with all the others；and everything that takes place includes me.
About a year later，I went to Atlanta，Georgia，to play in an exhibition game．On the field，for the first time in Atlanta，there were Negroes and whites．Other Negroesbesides me．And I thought: What I have always believed has come to be.
And what is it that I have always believed？ First，that imperfections are human．But that wherever human beings were given room to breathe and time to think，those imperfections would disappear，no matter how slowly．I do not believe that we have found or even approached perfection．That is not necessarily in the scheme of human events．Handicaps，stumbling blocks，prejudices — all of these are imperfect．Yet，they have to be dealt with because they are in the scheme of human events.
Whatever obstacles I found made me fight all the harder．But it would have been impossible for me to fight at all，except that I was sustained by the personal and deep-rooted belief that my fight had a chance．It had a chance because it took place in a free society．Not once was I forced to face and fight an immovable object．Not once was the situation so cast-iron rigid that I had no chance at all．Free minds and human hearts were at work all around me；and so there was the probability of improvement．I look at my children now，and know that I must still prepare them to meet obstacles and prejudices.
But I can tell them，too，that they will never face some of these prejudices because other people have gone before them．And to myself I can say that，because progress is unalterable，many of today's dogmas （教条）will have vanished by the time they grow into adults．I can say to my children: There is a chance for you．No guarantee，but a chance．And this chance has come to be，because there is nothing static with free people．There is no Middle Ages logic so strong that it can stop the human tide from flowing forward． I do not believe that every person，in every walk of life，can succeed in spite of any handicap．That would be perfection．But I do believe — and with every fiber in me — that what I was able to attain came to be because we put behind us （no matter how slowly） the dogmas of the past: to discover the truth of today；and perhaps find the greatness of tomorrow.
I believe in the human race．I believe in the warm heart．I believe in man's honesty．I believe in the goodness of a free society．And I believe that the society can remain good only as long as we are willing to fight for it — and to fight against whatever imperfections may exist．My fight was against the barriers that kept Negroes out of baseball．This was the area where I found imperfection，and where I was best able to fight．And I fought because I knew it was not doomed to be a losing fight．It couldn't be a losing fight-not when it took place in a free society．And in the largest sense，I believe that what I did was done for me — that it was my faith in God that sustained me in my fight．And that what was done for me must and will be done for others.
Why did the author say he had experienced a completely new emotion？

A．Because he won game.

B．Because he was an American.

C．Because he could compete in the game and won the game.

D．Because the National Game was played for him.

From the passage，we know that the author is ___________．

A．an African

B．a Chinese

C．a white man

D．a black man

The author firmly believed that____________.

A．humans are imperfect if they all unite together to overcome the difficulties.

B．humans needn't approach perfect even if they can.

C．humans should face the obstacles and fight for it bravely.

D．humans are becoming kind and honest if they have freedom.

We can infer from the passage that_________.

A．the fight between Negroes and Whites never ends

B．the civil war broke out because the Negroes fought for their freedom

C．In the past Negroes were kept out of baseball.

D．the fight ended up with a game.

The underlined word ‘vanished’most probably means __________

A．disappear

B．increase

C．appear

D．happen

The best title of this passage may be_________.

A．Nothing matters except fighting

B．Success lies in hard work

C．freedom iseverything

D．Free Minds and Hearts makes a difference

The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts（文科） in higher education isn't an either/or proposition（命题），although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM（science，technology，engineering，maths）-related fields can make it seem that way．
The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training，but also states firmly that the study of the humanities and social sciences must remain central components of America's educational system at all levels．Both are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society，become creative leaders，and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides．
Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates' job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs．Under these circumstances，it's natural to look for what may appear to be the most “practical” way out of the problem “Major in a subject designed to get you a job” seems the obvious answer to some，though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft” often，in fact，lead to employment and success in the long run．Indeed，according to surveys，employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well，think critically，research creatively，and communicate easily．
Moreover，students should be prepared not just for their first job，but for their 4th and 5th jobs，as there's little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers．The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible．The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight—picked up from science，arts，and technology—to solve the problems of the future，and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves，will be helpful to them and the United States．
What does the latest congressional report suggest？

A．STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.

B．Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.

C．The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students' spiritual life.

D．The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance．

What kind of job applicants do employers look for？

A．Those who have a strong sense of responsibility.

B．Those who are good at solving practical problems.

C．Those who are likely to become innovative leaders.

D．Those who have received anall-round education.

What advice does the author give to college students？

A．Seize opportunities to explore their potential．

B．Try to take a variety of practical courses．

C．Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems．

D．catch asmany chances as possible to change their jobs.

Energy independencehas a nice ring to it．Doesn't it？ If you think so，you're not alone，because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades，and never more so than in the past few years，when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.
“Energy independence”and its rhetorical （修辞的） companion“energy security” are，however，slippery concepts that are rarely though through．What is it we want independence from，exactly？
Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil．But there are reasons that we buy all that old from elsewhere.
The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running．Yes，there is a trickle（涓涓细流）of biofuel（生物燃料）available，and more may become available，but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.
Second，Americans have basically decided that they don't really want to produce all their own oil．They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad． Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection．To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports？
Third，there are benefits to trade．It allows for economic efficiency，and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do，we benefit．And although you don't read about this much，the United States is also a large exporter of oil products，selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.
There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and，in fact，relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy．When that flow is interrupted，we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices．At the same time，we obtain massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.
What does the author say about energy independence for America？

A．It sounds very attractive．

B．It ensures national security．

C．It will bring oil prices down

D．It has long been everyone’s dream.

Why does America rely heavily on oil imports？
A． It wants to expand its storage of crude oil（原油）.
B． Its own oil reserves are quickly running out.
C． It wants to keep its own environment undamaged.
D． Its own oil production falls short of demanD．
What does the author say about oil trade？

A．It proves profitable to both sides．

B．It improves economic efficiency．

C．It makes for economic prosperity．

D．It saves the cost of oil exploration．

Chimpanzees，long considered reluctant to share，apparently can display selfless tendencies，revealing one more key way our closest living relatives are like humans，scientists find． These findings could shed light on the evolution of altruism in humans．
Previously，a belief was widely held that human altruism evolved only after humans split from their ape cousins about 6 million years ago．In recent years，however，research has revealed just how much chimpanzees have in common with us．They can hunt with spears，play with dolls and mourn their partners'death.
“Most of the earlier studies had presented the apes with a complex implement that helped them deliver food to themselves or others，often so complicated that the experiments tested tool skills rather than social tendencies，”De Waal told Live Science．“Ours is the first study that uses no such implement at all.”
In addition to using complex food-delivery systems，past experiments often placed the chimpanzees so far apart that they might not have realized how their actions benefited others．In these new，simplified experiments，two apes were housed next to each other with a screen through which they could see each other．Then，one chimpanzee had to choose between two differently colored tokens （币） from a bin，one of which represented a pro-social （亲社会的） option，the other a selfish option．The pro-social option would cause both chimpanzees to receive a piece of banana wrapped in paper．The selfish option only rewarded the ape who made the choice.
In a study with seven adult female chimps placed into various pairs，the scientists found all the apes showed a definite preference for the pro-social option．“For me，the most important finding is that like us，chimpanzees take into account the needs and wishes of others，”researcher Victoria Horner，said.
The chimpanzees behaved especially altruistically toward partners who either patiently waited or gently reminded them that they were there by drawing attention to themselves．They were less likely to reward partners who pressured through making a fuss，begging persistently or spitting water at them．This is opposite to a long-standing view that the chimpanzees only share food under pressure.
The word“ altruism” （paragraph 1） is closest in meaning to ______.

A．selfishness

B．selflessness

C．willingness

D．reluctance

Recent researches are performed with less complicated implements mainly to ______.

A．show that chimps are only good at using implements

B．see whether chimps are willing to share food with others

C．find out if chimps are likely to reward partners

D．test chimps’ social tendencies instead of tool skills

Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？

A．Evolution History of Altruism in Humans

B．Similarities between Chimps and Mankind

C．Chimps Do Show Selfless Behavior

D．Chimps Only Share Food under Pressure

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many theories regarding the causes of juvenile delinquency（crimes committed by young people）focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence．Theorieson the individual suggest that childrencriminal behavior before they were not sufficientlyfor previous misbehaviors or that they have learned criminal behavior through interaction with others．Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes into their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status or as a rejection of middle-class values.
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children fromfamilies，the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes．The latter may commit crimes for lack of adequate control from parents．All，however，are uncertain or unimproved and are of course challenged with criticism.
Changes in the social structure may indirectlyjuvenile crime rates．For example，changes in the economy thatto fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain．This results inamong youths and may inlead more youths into criminal behavior.
Families have also experiencedthese years．More families consist of one parent households or two working parents；，children are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the traditional family．This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates．Other noticeableof offensive acts includeexperience or failure in school，theavailability of drugs and alcohol，and the growing phenomenon of child abuse and child neglect．All these conditions tend to increase theof a child committing a criminal act，a direct cause and effect relationship has not yet been established.

A．centering B．depending C．figuring D．concerning

A．refer to B．know about C．engage in D．learn of

A．punished B．forgiven C．forgotten D．excused

A．return B．contact C．reference D．response

A．respected B．cultivated C．disadvantaged D．immigrated

A．considering B．ignoring C．highlighting D．believing

A．values B．misbehaviors C．criminals D．theories

A．affect B．reduce C．prevent D．reflect

A．point B．lead C．come D．add

A．in general B．on average C．by contrast D．at last

A．discomfort B．dissatisfaction C．dishonesty D．discrimination

A．case B．short C．turn D．return

A．failure B．miseries C．development D．changes

A．contrarily B．consequently C．similarly D．occasionally

A．education B．concept C．structure D．economy

A．suggestions B．causes C．ideas D．reports

A．smooth B．favorable C．unfavorable D．practical

A．increasing B．restricted C．reasonable D．popular

A．knowledge B．aspect C．strength D．probability

A．since B．although C．as D．because

---Oh，my God! Daring，what’s wrong with your face？
---Forget it! I am allergic to the cream recommended by my colleague，Ms．Fan，a very well preserved woman．
---Oh，no! I have to say‘________’.

A．A burden of one’s choice is not felt．

B．One man’s meat is another man’s poison．

C．Beauty，unaccompanied by virtue，is as a flower without perfume．

D．Don’t cross the bridge till you get to it．