初中英语阅读理解

Much has been said and written recently about heroes, mainly because many people think we have too few of them. There are many different kinds of heroes, but they all seem to have two things in common. First, heroes, by their actions, show the great possibilities of human nature. Second, heroes can also stand the test of time, and their achievements will not be easily forgotten. Because of these good points, we need to choose our heroes carefully.
Olympic sports star Jackie Joyner-Kersee, who is believed to be a hero, warns young people to be careful of making athletes heroes. She hopes that if someone tries to copy her, it will be because she has achieved her goals by working hard. Joyner-Kersee says that a hero should be someone who has an influence on another person’s life.
Poet Maya Angelou believes that a hero encourages people to treat others well and to be concerned about the greater good. A hero should show politeness, courage, patience, and strength all the time. A hero should encourage others to follow him with actions that improve the world, even if only in small ways.
Author Daniel Boorstin suggests that, “Celebrities are people who make news, but heroes are people who make history.” Thus, if a person is truly worthy to be called a hero, he or she will not be soon forgotten.
We all need heroes. We need to be able to respect people who have been there, done that, and succeeded. Many times the greatest heroes are the people we deal with every day — relatives（亲戚）, friends, and neighbors — who will keep going when it is easier to give up. The parent who puts her or his family ahead of herself or himself, the teacher who will make more money at another job but chooses to help others — all these people can be considered as heroes. A hero quietly and continuously sets a good example, an example that inspires others to follow.
Joyner-Kersee hopes that young people ______.

A．will work hard	B．will become heroes
C．will follow her	D．will achieve her goal

The underlined word “celebrities” in Paragraph 4 means ______.

A．volunteers	B．reporters
C．sports players	D．famous people

From the passage we know that ______.

A．there are fewer heroes than before

B．many common people set examples to us

C．heroes should be polite, patient and famous

D．heroes have to reach the standard required for them

The best title for this passage is ______.

A．What Heroes Do	B．Who Are Heroes
C．How Heroes Live	D．Where Heroes are

Height is just one of the features your genes (基因) decide. In fact, because
you have two parents, your genes provide you a height that usually lands somewhere
between the height of each parent. If both your parents are tall, then most probably
you will be tall, too. But if you have questions about how tall you’re going to be,
ask your doctor if he or she can help you find them out.
But genes don’t decide everything. For example, eating an unhealthy diet can keep you from growing to your full potential (潜力). Getting plenty of sleep and enough exercise will help you grow to the expected height.
It’s natural that you’re wondering how fast you should grow. There’s no perfect or right answer. Generally speaking, kids grow about 6 cm a year between age 3 and the time when they start puberty.
Your doctor will know how your growth has been going over the years. 2 cm here and 3 cm there make a little difference to the height you’re at now. How have you been growing up to this height? What other changes may your body be going through?
Don’t be amazed if you seem to have grown a lot in a very short time. Everyone has a growth spurt (高峰) during puberty. The age for starting puberty is about 10 for girls and about 11 for boys. But it can be earlier or later — between 7 and 13 for girls and 9 and 15 for boys.
You’ll usually begin to notice that you’re growing faster about a year after your body starts to show the first changes of puberty.

If you want to know how tall you should grow, _______.

A．you should have enough exercise

B．you can record your growth during puberty

C．you should take some special medicine

D．you can ask doctors for help

The Chinese for the word “puberty” is _______.

A．童年时期	B．婴幼儿时期
C．生长发育期	D．习惯养成期

This passage is mainly about ______.

A．how the genes work in your body

B．how your parents’ height influence you

C．how you look like your parents

D．how you grow to a certain height

After reading this passage, we can explain ______.

A．how good it is to be a doctor

B．how much sleep time we need

C．why genes can’t decide everything

D．what healthy diet is

Which is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A．Girls’ age for starting puberty is usually earlier than that for boys’.

B．Your height most probably depends on how tall your parents are.

C．The features showing the first changes of puberty between boys and girls are different.

D．You may be amazed sometimes when you grow too fast.

Jake is going on a trip. He and Mum take a taxi to the airport.
"It's my first plane trip," he tells the taxi driver.
"That' s great!" the taxi driver says.
Jake rolls his suitcase onto the plane.
"It's my first plane trip," he tells the pilot.
"Welcome aboard," the pilot says.
Jake finds his seat and buckles his seatbelt(安全带). The plane's engines rumble and roar. Jake opens his backpack and pulls out Panda.
"It's my first plane trip," he whispers. He holds Panda's paw.
The plane moves faster and faster. Then-Whoosh! On the ground, cars and houses look like toys.
Jake smiles. "Guess what, Panda?" he says. "Flying is fun!"
How is Jake feeling in his first plane trip?

A．Excited.

B．Worried

C．Sad

D．Afraid

Who is Panda?

A．Jake’s brother

B．A large animal

C．Jake’s pet

D．A toy animal

What do the underlined（下划） words mean?

A．发出轰隆隆的声音	B．滚动着
C．发出咕咕的声音	D．开始工作

Mary’s mother waited for her in the car. Mary knew that she would be late if she didn’t hurry (赶快), but she didn’t care. It is her birthday today.
Ten minutes later, Mary opened the car door. Her mother said, “Don’t forget to go home with Cindy today.” Mary felt a little disappointed (失望的). She really hoped to have a party today, but her mother had to work late tonight. She promised Mary that they could have a party next week.
“I won’t forget,” replied Mary. When she arrived at school, she got out of the car and said goodbye to her mother. It seemed that her mother didn’t care. Mary walked into the school. She hoped her friends would remember that she turned eight today.
“Hi, Mary. Happy birthday,” said Julie.
Mary smiled and asked, “Julie, can you come to my party next week?”
Julie said, “I am sorry Mary, but I can’t.”
During the day, things didn’t go much better. All of her friends said they could not go to her party next week. At the end of the school day, Mary felt very sad.
Evening came and Cindy’s mother drove Mary home. When Mary opened the door, the house was dark. Her mother didn’t even get home yet! She felt very sad.
“Surprise!”
All the lights in Mary’s house came on. Her mother and all of her friends were there! There were many gifts in the living room. Then, she ran into the kitchen. Her mother prepared her favorite meal and a big chocolate cake. “Thank you, Mom!” Mary said, happily.
Why didn’t Mary’s mother seare when Mary said goodbye to her?

A．Because she didn’t care about Mary.

B．Because she tried to finish her work first.

C．Because she forgot it is Mary’s birthday today.

D．Because she didn’t want Mary to know about the party.

How old is Mary?

A．Eight.

B．Nine.

C．Ten.

D．Eleven.

Mary invited Julie to her party _____.

A．tonight	B．next day
C．next week	D．next month

Mary felt _____ after school finished.

A．sad	B．happy
C．surprised	D．relaxed

What did Mary’s mother do for her?

A．She drove Mary home.

B．She did the housework.

C．She bought Mary a beautiful skirt.

D．She prepared Mary’s favorite meal.

Saya, the life-like woman robots started her work as a teacher at a primary school in Tokyo Japan days ago. She gave lessons to the pupils there. You won’t hurt it, hit it or play with it.
Professor Hiroshi Kobayashi of Tokyo University of Science, who built Saya, said she didn’t mean to take the place of human teachers with Saya, but to show the joys of technology. “We didn’t want to do all the work of a teacher, but to build this robot to teach children about technology. And Saya may be a help to the schools which have not enough teachers.”
“In some villages and small schools, there are children who know little about new technology and also there are some teachers that can’t teach these lessons,” Kobayashi said. “So we hope the robot can make the children become interested in new technology.”
Many of the children were very interested in Saya, and did not take their eyes off her when they were listening to the report. When class was over, some students touched her face and felt her.
Japan, home to almost 400,000 industrial robots of the world, hopes that they can make more and more robots in the future. And they hope to make some robots to look after the older people.
From the passage, we know that Saya is ______.
A. a woman teacher in a small school
B. a student of Hiroshi Kobayashi
C. a robot made by Hiroshi Kobayashi
Saya came to the school to ______.
A. give the students technology lessons
B. listen to the report of Hiroshi Kobayashi
C. show her computer technology
What did many of the children do when Saya came to their school?
A. They felt afraid of Saya.
B. They showed great interest in Saya.
C. They made friends with Saya.
We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. Saya became tired of teaching at last
B. most schools in Japan are short of teachers
C. Japan hasn’t built robots that can take care of the old people
What would be the best title for the passage?
A. A Science Professor
B. A Primary School
C. A Robot Teacher

At present, more and more people like travelling. They travel to see more of the world. They can also go shopping, meet people from other countries, and learn about their cultures as well as customs.
According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), 1.138 billion people travelled to other countries in 2014. In 2014, Chinese people travelled abroad 11.2% more than 2013. The growing of tourism can benefit (使……受益) not only China but also other countries.
Chinese people usually join large tourist groups and visit several countries in one trip. They don’t just travel for sightseeing. They like shopping and spend much money while travelling, especially during festivals. Europe and the United States are popular places among Chinese travelers.
In December, China is the cold winter. Many people like to go to some countries in Southeast Asia because the weather there is quite pleasant.
Now more and more Chinese can travel abroad. But some of them don’t have a good sense of public manners. A western report in 2012 said Chinese were the world’s second worst tourists. Even now the world still doesn’t like Chinese tourists.
If we Chinese want to have a change, remember not to do these: throwing rubbish everywhere, talking loudly, smoking in non-smoking areas, spitting, line-jumping, taking off shoes in public, snatching bus seats… Besides, we should learn some necessary manners of foreign countries.
根据短文内容，选择最佳的答案，并将其字母标号在答题上涂黑。（5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
Chinese people travel abroad not to _____________.
A. go shopping     B. make money     C. go sightseeing
According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), ________.
A. more than 1 billion people travelled abroad in 2014
B. more than 1 billion Chinese people travelled abroad in 2013
C. 11.2% of Chinese people travelled abroad in 2014
Which of the following is NOT true about Chinese people?
A. Chinese people like joining large tourist groups.
B. Chinese are the worst tourists in the world.
C. Many Chinese like to go to Southeast Asia in winter.
As a good tourist, you should _______________.
A. throw rubbish everywhere
B. speak loudly and smoke as you like
C. learn some necessary manners of foreign countries
What’s the best title(标题) of the passage?
A. Travelling
B. Travelling abroad
C. Chinese people like travelling

A mouse was surprised to discover that the farmer and his wife had a mousetrap（老鼠夹）in the house. It ran to warn everyone, “There is a mousetrap in the house!”
A hen raised his head and said, “Mr. Mouse, this mousetrap is only for you. I won’t be worried about it.” The mouse turned to a pig, “I am sorry, Mr. Mouse, but the mousetrap has nothing to do with me, either!” the pig said. Then the mouse turned to a cow, “It sounds like you have a problem, not me.” the cow said. The mouse returned to the house with head down and it was very sad because no one would help.
That night the farmer’s wife heard a loud sound and she rushed to see what was caught. In the darkness she could not see that it was a snake. The snake bit（咬）the farmer’s wife. The wife caught a bad fever and the farmer the best way to treat a fever was chicken soup. So the farmer killed the hen for the soup. The wife got worse and her friends came to visit her. The farmer had to kill the pig to feed them. But the wife didn’t get better and died. Her friends came and the farmer had to kill the cow to feed all of them.
So remember when any one of us is in trouble, we may all be in trouble.
Why was the mouse very sad?（不超过5个词）
______________________________________________________________________________________
What was caught by the mousetrap that night?（不超过5个词）
______________________________________________________________________________________
What can we learn from the story?（不超过15个词）
______________________________________________________________________________________

How important is color in the business world?
Google, one of the biggest U.S. companies, is trying to find it out. The company has already found “a close connection between color and satisfaction with a person’s work area”. That’s according to its spokeswoman named Meghan Casserly.
“Color is a silent salesperson,” said Elyria Kemp. She is an assistant professor of marketing at the University of New Orleans.
Kemp is following color trends in business. She is studying the connection between feelings and color. According to Kemp, when people make an evaluation (评估) of a product, usually they do this within 90 seconds or less. Besides, more than half of their first evaluation is based on (以……为根据) color alone.
That’s why so many companies are researching their color choices. They are spending thousands of dollars on the research, too. Just think of UPS’s Pullman brown, Home Depot’s orange and Tiffany & Co.’s blue.
Joclyn Benedetto is a spokeswoman for Tiffany & Co. She said the success of the company’s jewelry (珠宝) was connected to its blue color. It is used to wrap (包装) every product. She said the color was chosen by the founder Charles Lewis Tiffany for the cover of Blue Book, Tiffany’s annual collection of beautifully hand-made jewels, which first came out in 1845.
Coca-Cola’s red color also dates back more than 100 years. The soft drink was shipped in barrels painted red.
A spokesperson for Home Depot said research showed that the first thing people thought of was orange when they heard the name of the company.
Smaller companies are also realizing the importance of color. But picking the right color is important.
“You know when something is right because you get a feeling of safety, and it’s not something that you think about. It just will hit you,” said Emil Hagopian, a distributor for Mar Plast Color Building Accessories in Ann Arbor, Mich. “And sometimes, if it’s done wrong, that also hits you.”
What is Google trying to find out?

A．How to create a better work area.

B．How to become the biggest U.S. company.

C．The connection between color and business.

D．The secret of success in the business world.

Which company does Meghan Casserly work for?

A．Tiffany & Co.	B．Coca-Cola.
C．Home Depot.	D．Google.

People usually make an evaluation of a product              .

A．in a short time	B．in a long time
C．based on its shape	D．based on their feelings

What do we know about Tiffany & Co. according to the passage?

A．It only sells women’s clothes.

B．Blue is its owner’s favorite color.

C．Its products are wrapped in blue.

D．Its red color dates back over 100 years.

The passage is mainly about              .

A．the colors which are popular in the United States

B．the importance of color in the business world

C．the relation between color and a company’s name

D．the bad influence color has on small companies

（原创）One afternoon Mrs Green’s husband wanted to catch the 3:30 flight to London to have an important meeting. Mrs Green was very surprised when her husband telephoned her at 5 o’clock and said that he was still at the airport.
“What happened to you” asked Mrs Green.
“Well” said Mr Green , “Everything was going fine. I got my ticket, checked my luggage and waited in line at the gate. I walked across the runway to the airplane and I saw my friend Jack Scott, who was an airplane engineer. I shouted to him and a policeman caught me.”
“Why did he catch you?”
“I don’t know,” said Mr Green, “As soon as he heard my shout, he ran towards me and caught me.”
“What did you shout to your friend?”
“All I said is ‘Hi, Jack’. You know that’s the usual way we say hello to our friends”
“But you don’t know the word ‘hijack’ means taking control of a plane by force (武力) .”
Who would go to London?
在短文的空格处填上一个合适的单词使句意通顺完整。
Why did the policeman catch Mr Green when he Shouted to his friend ‘Hi, Jack’?
What time should Mr Green get on plane?
Who knows why was Mr Green caught by the policeman?

Are you looking for something fun and would you like to help others in your free time? Then join us to be a volunteer(志愿者)! We're a non-profit (非营利的) organization(组织). We have volunteer jobs of all ages. Anyone, from twelve-year-old children to people about seventy years old can become a volunteer.
You can help people in many ways. Schools need help with taking care of children while parents are working. Hospitals need volunteers to look after children while their parents are seeing a doctor. Animal lovers can help take care of those dogs and cats without homes. There is something for everyone.
"As a volunteer. I don't want to get anything. Seeing the children's happy faces, I'm happy, too." said Carlos Domingo. an old woman of 62. "I often played computer games in my- free time before. Now I help older people learn how to use computers," said another volunteer at the age of 18.
When do the volunteers help others?

A．In their free time.	B．At the weekend.
C．On weekdays.	D．At any time.

Who can be a volunteer?

A．Children.	B．Old women.
C．Anyone aged 12-70.	D．Parents.

What do volunteers want to get when they help others?

A．Money.	B．Computers.
C．Everything.	D．Nothing.

Carlos Domingo does volunteer work with_______.

A．animal lovers	B．children
C．her parents	D．older people

A man was driving when he found a chicken running along the road, beside his car.
He was surprised to see that the chicken was keeping up with him. Looking at his speedometer (速度计), he found that he was doing 50 miles per hour (MPH).
Then he drove at 60 MPH, and the chicken stayed right next to him. He sped up to 75 MPH and it still kept up.
The man then found that the chicken had three legs. Growing even more curious (好奇), he followed the chicken down a road and into a farm. He got out of his car and saw that all the chickens around him had three legs.
He asked the farmer, “What’s up with the three-legged chickens?”
The farmer said, “Well, whenever we have chicken for diner, everyone in the family fights over the legs, but there are only two. I have raised a kind of three-legged chicken. It’s going to make me richer.”
“How do they taste?” the man asked.
The farmer said, “Don’t know yet, I haven’t been able to catch one.”
How did the man feel when he saw the chicken keeping up with him?

A．Happy.

B．Scared.

C．Angry.

D．Surprised.

What does the underlined “it” refer to (指的是)?

A．The car.	B．The chicken.
C．The speedometer.	D．The road.

Why did the farmer raise the three-legged chicken?

A．Because he wanted to be rich so that he can buy many chicken legs.

B．Because his wife wants to have chicken legs every day.

C．Because everyone in his family fights over the legs while having chicken for dinner.

D．Because everyone in his family hasn’t had chicken legs for a long time.

Which following statement is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The farmer knew the three-legged chickens tasted good.

B．The farmer had become richer because of the three-legged chickens.

C．The chickens ran too fast for the farmer to catch.

D．There was only one three-legged chicken on the farm.

Everyone knows that exercise is important. We need to exercise. Doctors say it is good fo r us. It keep our bodies strong.
When the daytime comes, we must get up. This is the time for exercise. Exercise means doing things with the body. There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you excise in the following ways: you have to like what you’re doing. Exercise enough---but not too much. It is good to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or three sports that feel right for you.
Exercise can be fun. Friends can exercise together at fitness center, or they can play sports together. How do you exercise?
In the passage the writer tells us that we all need to_______________.

A．drink

B．relax

C．exercise

D．work

Which of the following sports can’t we find in the passage?

A．Fishing

B．Running

C．Swimming

D．Walking

What does  exercise mean according to the passage?

A．It means doing things with the body

B．It means studying

C．It means doing lessons.

D．It means playing

What can exercise do to the body?

A．It can make the body weak

B．It can make us sleep more

C．It can make the body sick

D．It can make the body healthy

The words “fitness center” in the passage mean_________

A．减肥中心

B．健身中心

C．购物中心

D．医疗中心

Do you think of white when someone talks about a polar bear(北极熊）? In fact, the polar bear does not have white fur. It just appears to be white. Polar bears have a very good sense of smell. It helps them to find food. During summer, polar bears sleep longer, because they are able to find their food more easily at night. Usually, after a meal, polar bears have a short sleep. A polar bear can have 2-3 babies at a time. They live with their mothers until they are about two-and-a-half years old.
However, polar bears will die out soon because of people. There are only 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears in the world. The polar bears are trying to survive today. The number of polar bears is becoming smaller and smaller because of the loss of sea ice— polar bears mostly inhabit (居住于) the sea ice, not the land ice. This is happening because of global warming (全球气候变暖), pollution, hunting and so on.
Ordinary people don't care, but great people have the power and want to save tigers, fight for giant pandas and save polar bears. Ordinary people will wait, but great people will find a new world. For me, I will not waiting. I will take the bus more often from now on. Join me and save the polar bears, and, of course, the tigers, the giant pandas and...
According to the passage, which of these answers does NOT make sea ice less?

A．Global warming.	B．Pollution.
C．Hunting.	D．Travelling.

which is right of the following sentences?

A．Polar bear’s fur is white.

B．Perhaps the writer will drive his car less.

C．It's harder for polar bears to find food in summer.

D．Polar bears have a good, happy life now.

What does the word "ordinary" mean in Chinese?

A．勤劳的	B．聪慧的
C．普通的	D．坚强的

Where can this passage come from?

A．A magazine about animals.

B．A book about greetings.

C．A poster about working plans.

D．An instruction book

There is an old saying in English, “Laughter is the best medicine”. Until recently, few people took the saying very seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to study laughter and the effects (作用) it has on the human body. They have found evidence that laughter really can improve people’s health.
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart rate, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart rate and the rate of breathing. It also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be helpful.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to make the effect of pain on the body less. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group which could bear the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can make pain less seems to be that it helps to produce endorphins (内啡肽) in the brain. These are natural chemicals which make both stress and pain less.
There is also some evidence to suggest that laughter helps the body’s immune system — that is the system which fights infection (感染). In an experiment, one group of students watched a funny video while another group served as the control group — in other words, a group with which to compare the first group. Doctors checked the blood of the students in both groups and found that the people in the group that watched the video had an increase in the activity of their white blood cells — the cells which fight infection.
As a result of these discoveries, some doctors and psychiatrists (精神病专家) in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they try to improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce good effects similar to those caused by laughter.
We learn from the first paragraph that laughter _______.

A．is good for one’s health

B．has strong effects to do with some illnesses

C．has been studied for a long time

D．has no effect on the body

Doctors have found that laughter _______.

A．keeps down blood pressure

B．has similar effects to physical exercise

C．decreases the heart rate

D．increases stress and pain

Which of the following statements is NOT true of laughter according to the passage?

A．It makes pain less.

B．It exercises the body.

C．It improves the body’s immune system.

D．It can cure（治愈）cancer .

Smiling can produce _________.

A．about the same effects as laughter

B．more effects than laughter

C．fewer effects on the human body

D．no effects on the human body

A smart diet, a healthy life
No matter how old your kids are, you can take steps to improve a healthy diet and to encourage good eating habits.
Tip One: Family Meals
Family meals are nice for both parents and kids. Children like to guess what they are going to have and parents get the chance to introduce new foods to children. Parents can also use the mealtime as a chance to talk with their kids about their life.
Tip Two: Healthy Snacks(零食)
Kids, especially younger ones, will eat mostly what can get at home. That’s why it’s important to have enough healthy snacks, such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, yogurt and whole-grain biscuits.
Tip Three: Being a Good Example
The best way for you to encourage healthy eating is to eat well yourself. Kids will follow the
lead of the adults they see every day. By eating fruits and vegetables and avoiding fast food and sweet drinks, you are sending the right message.
Tip Four: No Shouts about Food
Parents might find themselves shouting at children to get them to have healthy foods in front of them. This in fact can make children dislike what they are asked to eat. You need to work a bit on different cooking methods(方式，方法).
Tip Five: Get Kids Included(参与)
Most kids will enjoy making the decision about food. Talk to them about making choices and planning a healthy meal. It can help them to make good decisions on their own about the foods they want to eat.
What is the author’s attitude(态度) toward snacks?

A．Snacks shouldn’t be eaten.

B．Healthy snacks can be accepted.

C．Kids can only have snacks at home.

D．It’s not necessary to have snacks at home.

The best way for parents to encourage a healthy diet is ________.

A．to have family meals	B．to eat healthy snacks
C．to be a good example	D．to get kids included

What does the underlined phrase “ the right message” mean?

A．Being a good cook.	B．Healthy eating
C．Eating fast food.	D．Cooking at home.

According to Tip Four, what should parents do if kids refuse to eat healthy food?

A．Explain how healthy it is.

B．Try cooking it in a different way

C．Never cook the same food.

D． Ask kids to get used to its taste.

Why should parents get kids included when they make the decision about food?

A．To let kids eat anything they like.

B．To help kids become a wonderful cook.

C．To help kids make good choices by themselves.

D．To set a good example of eating healthy food.