专题31 阅读理解（任务型阅读类） （预测题）

阅读短文，根据要求完成下面各小题。    All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy and happy, and to live longer.
Many people like to watch others play games. They buy tickets or turn on their TVs to watch the games. Often they get very excited when “their” player or team wins.
Sports change with the seasons. People play different games in winter and summer. Swimming is fun in warm weather, but skating is good in winter.
Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for（从事）them. Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers. 3What fun it is to jump into a pool or lake, whether in China or Australia! And think of people in cold countries. Think how many people love to skate in Japan or Canada.
4 Some sports or games go back to thousands of years ago, like running or jumping. Chinese wushu, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is 120 years old yet. People are inventing new sports or games all the time. Water-skiing is one of the newest in the family of sports.
People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game together they often become good friends. Sports help to train a person’s character. One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace (体面).
请务必将 1---5 小题的答案写在答题卡的相应位置！
（一）根据短文内容简要回答问题。
In what kind of countries do you think swimming is popular?
 
How long is the history of basketball?
(二)将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。


(三)请给短文拟一个适当的标题。

阅读文章，回答问题（10 分）
You are going to high school, aren't you? Maybe you don't know what to do. Well, here's a list of the top six things to do when you are in high school. These things will give you ideas of what your high school life could be like. Here you go!
①Find your passion (激情) and what kind of person you are：   (1)   it's dance, basketball, or drawing, the important thing is that you have found something you are   (1)   in.
②Talk to people you wouldn't usually talk to: meet new people, find new friends and even talk to people you don't like. It will show what a great person you are. You never know what will happen after high school.
③Take part in at least one competition. （2）This will give you tears(眼泪) of laugh, happiness and memories.
④Get a job: This will help you see what it's like to have responsibility(责任). It can also help you make a little money to spend on yourself.
⑤Take a trip with your friends: It doesn't matter where you go or what you do, the memories will happen on the way and go on till the final place.
⑥Do your best at school: Don't ever get lazy; working hard now will help you in the future.
在_（1_）处填入适当的单词使得句子完整，上下文通顺       ________,_________
将（2）句翻译为中文。
回答问题：What can help you make a little money to spend on yourself?
在文中找出These will let you know how the high school life is.的同义句
在文中找出主题句。

任务型阅读
As we know, Beijing Opera is our national opera with a long history. It came into being after 1790. There are four main roles in Beijing Opera：Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou. It expresses Chinese cultures. It’s (1)_______ of famous stories, beautiful facial paintings, wonderful gestures and fighting. The stories in it are very interesting. Some of them are from history books, but most are from famous novels. The people in them can’t (2)_______ with each other. They become angry, unhappy, sad and lonely. Sometimes they are frightened and worried. Then they can find a way to make peace with each other. The stories usually end with happiness. Everyone is very happy in the end.
阅读短文，按要求完成下列任务。
从文中找出六个表达情感的形容词。
________________________________________________________________________________
在空格里填上适当的单词。
（1）_______________（2）_______________
翻译短文中画线的句子。
________________________________________________________________________________
根据短文内容回答下列问题。
How many main roles are there in Beijing Opera? What are they?
________________________________________________________________________________
给短文拟一个适当的标题。
________________________________________________________________________________

It is reported that 300 million people in China have eyesight(视力) trouble. More and more parents hope to improve their children's eyesight with medicine, or by correcting the ways that children read and sit. But in fact, one should start with the exercise on one's feet. Here are three ways to improve eyesight.
First, don't tie your shoes too closely. Try wearing comfortable and soft socks or walking without socks and shoes at home. While you are traveling, try wearing cloth shoes in order to improve blood circulation (循环).
Second, walking on tiptoes is good for one's eyesight. It can fight against eyesight trouble. Numbers show that most of ballet(芭蕾舞) performers' eyesight is better.
Third,  rope skipping(跳绳) can also be good for one's eyesight. While skipping rope, one has to move quickly, making both the brain and the eyes excited. It may also help make one grow taller.
Besides foot exercises, it is good to pull one's ears. Pulling the ears 20 times quickly is also a great way. It can keep one's eyes healthy.
任务一：根据短文内容, 用简洁的句子或短语完成下列表格。

Ways	Ways to improve eyesight
Way 1	____________________________________________
Way 2	_____________________________________________
Way 3	______________________________________________
Way 4	______________________________________________

任务二：除了文中提到的几点外, 你一定还有许多自己的做法，写一条与大家分享吧。
__________________________________________________________________

The trees have been on the earth for millions of years.    Disease(疾病) is destroying trees. For example, in the 1970s, many trees in Europe were killed by disease.
 This new danger attacks all the forests and woods of Europe from northern Sweden to southern Italy. First the branches turn yellow and brown. Then the trees’ leaves fall. The roots and the trunk shrink(萎缩). Finally the trees die. In the Black Forest in southern Germany, 75％of the trees have been destroyed or killed．
 Nobody knows exactly, but it is probably air pollution or acid rain(酸雨). Factories, power stations and cars give off tons of smoke with acid into the air. Sunlight turns these into something harmful which fall with rain or snow onto the trees.
What can be done about acid rain? 
Acid rain doesn’t always fall on the countries which produce the pollution. The wind carries it from one country to another. Badly, the governments don’ t want to spend money on it if it won’ t harm the trees in their own countries.
 The rainforests of Asia and South America are being cut down for firewood and building materials. Something must be done. If the trees die, we will, too.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，内容完整。

E. Why don’t the governments do something to save the trees?

Safety comes first
“Chinese style road crossing” became a hot topic in China from the end of last year. Now, many cities have started to punish these jaywalkers (乱闯马路的人).
“Chinese style road crossing” means crossing roads without thinking about traffic lights, as long as you are part of a crowd.
Beijing Traffic Management Bureau (北京交通管理局) announced that from April 6, people who do not wait for the green light to cross the road will receive a fine of 10 yuan. Officials from the bureau said that using the diagonal (对角线) to cross the road is also against the rules. Walkers should walk in an “L” shape.
Besides Beijing, many places have also taken steps to stop “Chinese style road crossing”. Provinces such as Sichuan, Shanxi and Zhejiang have already started to fine jaywalkers 5 to 50 yuan since last year.
Road traffic deaths top the list of deaths from non-natural causes in China, Xinhua reported. The action to punish behaviors that go against traffic rules calls on people to realize the importance of traffic safety.
However, many people complain that the red lights last too long. “But as long as the design of traffic lights is the same, everyone should follow the rulers. Otherwise the country will lose its order,” said People’s Daily.
Some cities have also paid attention to the problem. Beijing Traffic Management Bureau, for example, said it would not only focus on punishment, but also improve road safety facilities (设施), such as fixing traffic lights in a more proper way and building overpasses (天桥).
Was the topic “Chinese style road crossing” very popular last year?
What is the right way for walkers to cross the road?
How are jaywalkers in Sichuan punished?
Why is it necessary to punish those who go against traffic rules?
Besides punishment, what else do some cities do to solve the problem?
What’s your opinion on the action to punish jaywalkers?

Different weather makes people feel different. It has an effect on health, intelligence and feelings.
In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People in these states have more heart trouble after the weather changes in February or March.
The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, in a 1983 report by scientists, IQ(智商) of a group of students was very high when a very strong wind came, but after the strong wind, their IQ was 10% lower. The wind can help people have more intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand, can make it lower. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse on exams in the hot months of the year (July and August).
Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy during cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. At about 18℃, people become stronger.
Low air pressure may make people forgetful. People leave more bags on buses and in shops on low-pressure days. People feel best at a temperature of about 18℃.
Are you feeling sad, tired, forgetful, or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem.
Is it easy for people to have health problems in hot and wet summer?
What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3?
Why is it possible that winter is a bad time for thin people?
How do people become when there is low air pressure?
At what temperature do people probably feel most comfortable?
What is the main idea of the passage? (in no more than TEN words)

Camping in your backyard is full of fun. It makes us relaxed. It offers chances to enjoy the night sky and we needn’t be as quiet as usual. It makes us close to the outside world. It also lets us have many friends to stay with us! Follow these instructions and you’ll have a night you’ll never forget!
Put up your tent.
How many family members and friends will join? It decides how many tents you need. Tell your friends to bring their tents if needed. Remember to learn about how to put up a tent on the Internet.
Prepare your bedding.
Put something soft to lie on on the floor. An air mattress (床垫) may work well. Fill the tent with soft toys and blankets. Have sleeping bags and cotton blankets. They are important if it gets too cool in the night.
Prepare a seating area.
A picnic table is the best. Or you can set up a few chairs and a small table to put drinks and food on. You can also lay out (铺开) a blanket in the sun. Be sure the grass isn’t wet!
Make memories.
Plan some activities. You’re camping in the backyard, so it’s time to make memories of being outdoors. Have a camera to take photos of them. Take one large group shot with everyone smiling and laughing. Be sure to make copies for all of you.

Camping in Your Backyard
Full of fun	It makes us relaxed.
	It’s possible for us to enjoy the night sky. We needn’t be as _________ as usual.
	It makes us close to the _________ world.
	We can have many friends to stay with us.
________ to follow	Put up your tent: the _________ of family members and friends decides how many tents you need.
	Prepare your bedding: You need something _________ like an air mattress. ________ the tent with toys and blankets. Sleeping bags and blankets are important on ________ nights.
	Prepare a seating area: You need a ________ table or a set of chairs and a small table to put drinks and food on. It’s OK to lay out a blanket on dry _________.
	Make memories: Take photos of the _______. Make copies for every one of you.

In the past, man did not have to think about the protection of his environment. There were not many people on the earth, and natural resources seemed to be unlimited  .
Today, things are different. The world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly, and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue like this, human life on earth will not survive.
Everyone realizes today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet with modern fishing methods, more and more fish are caught. We know that if too many trees are cut down, forests will disappear and nothing will grow on the land. Yet, we continue to use bigger and more powerful machines to cut down more and more trees.
We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die. However, in most countries waste products are still put into rivers or into the sea, and there are few laws to stop this.
We know, too, that if the population of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years, there will not be enough food.
If we eat more vegetables and less meat, we will easily get more food. Land that is used to grow crops can feed five times more people than land where animals are kept.
The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth control.
Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, we shall have a better and cleaner living place in the future.
Is the number of people in the world just the same as it was in the past?
Are the natural resources on the earth limited or unlimited?
Why do we have fewer and fewer fish and trees now?
What is the writer’s advice on eating?
What must we do to make our human beings live happily on the earth?

任务型阅读
How can you get a neighbor to forgive( 原谅)you, if you do something wrong? It’s not easy, but work through it with care, you can get on well with your neighbor.
Get to your neighbor directly. If you haven’t faced this person with the situation, you need to do that first. Don’t be shy，just face your neighbor. You can make things better if you’re comfortable with the situation yourself.
Listen to them. However, do this with care and make sure not to argue with them. You had better listen to what they have to say, and know exactly why they think what they do about you.
Things will become worse if you aren’t honest. If you have already made the mistake of telling a lie, you should tell the truth to your neighbor. Your neighbor will feel a lot more comfortable if he or she knows that you are 100% honest.
Tell out directly how you feel. You’d better tell your neighbor everything you have to say and let them understand how you feel, even if he or she doesn’t want to listen to you.
After you have worked out the problem, wait a week or so and send your neighbor a hearty letter. If your neighbor lives close, give the letter to him or her and if not send it in the mail.
任务一：根据短文内容，用简洁的句子或短语完成下列表格。

Suggestions	How to get on well with your neighbor?
Suggestions 1	Get to your neighbor directly and face them
Suggestions 2	_______________________________________
Suggestions 3	________________________________________
Suggestions 4	_______________________________________
Suggestions 5	________________________________________

任务二：除了文中提到的建议外，你一定还有许多自己的观点，请写一条与大家分享吧。
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