初中英语判断推理试题

A new contact lens（隐形眼镜片）has been developed by scientists from America，Britain and China.It can check for illnesses at any time by examining chemicals in tears.A new sensor（感应器）is used to achieve his purpose.

Scientists hope that the improvement could help to deal with sudden medical events.Dr.Zhao Yunlong said， "COVID﹣19 has had a great influence on the scientific world.And we are doing research to help people deal with similar events in the future."

When introducing the new contact lens，Dr.Guo Shiqi，a researcher at Harvard，said，"In the past，the sensor was put between the layers（层）of the lens.It didn't have direct contact（接触）with tears，But our new sensor is smaller and smarter.I t can be fixed to a lens and keep direct contact with tears.What's more，it causes no discomfort to the eye.

The contact lens has not been put to the market，but researchers are quite sure that it will be welcomed.It is especially useful for the old and those who may experience sudden medical events.

As society develops，scientists are supposed to develop more products that provide care and convenience（便利）for people.The contact lens is one of what they are researching on.Earlier，a California company developed another kind of contact lens using LED technology.It can show the heath information on the mobile phone.Steve Sinclair，head of the company，said， "We have to build something that helps you when you need it and stays of when you don't need it."

（1）According to Dr.Zhao Yunlong,they did the research because 　 　.

A．	they are experienced
B．	they are asked to do so
C．	they want to fight COVID﹣19
D．	they want to help people

（2）The advantage of the new sensor is that 　    　.

A．	it is put between lenses
B．	it is much cheaper
C．	it is smaller and smarter
D．	it can be used for many years

（3）The writer writes the last paragraph by giving 　 　.

A．	an opinion and facts
B．	an opinion and answers
C．	a question and facts
D．	question and answers

（4）The best title of this passage probably is 　 　.

A．	Sensors：Science and Technology
B．	Contact Lenses Care and Convenience
C．	The Most Useful Product
D．	Great Companies of Contact Lens

Newspapers are dying.Electronic devices like mobile phones，pads，TVs and car radios can all be the killers.Most people believe in the long run，there is no reason• no practical reason for newspapers to survive.No matter what we do may only buy time.

Can anything save newspapers？I decided to have a try.

Many years ago，Bonnier，a Swedish publisher，set a newspaper in the former Soviet countries .After a few years，they had more newspapers in central and eastern Europe.However，these newspapers were run by a group of inexperienced people，and they didn't have enough money.In many places there were not even art directors.

I got a position in Bonnier's newspaper as an art director.

It was very difficult at first.I was really disappointed，until one day，in Londonn，when I saw performance by Cirque du Soleil. "These guys took some run﹣down entertainment，and put it to the highest possible level of performance art.M Inspiration lighted me up， "Why can't we do the same with the newspapers.We started to redesign the newspapers，one by one.

We used our imagination.We treated the whole newspaper as one piece，one composition - like music.

Music has a rhythm，has ups and downs.Design is responsible for this experience.Flipping through pages was readers' experience and I was responsible for this experience.

The front page became my personal channel to talk to the readers.My approach was simple and direct.I wanted to show my understanding of art，and of reality.I wanted to make posters，not newspapers.Not even magazines：posters.

We had determination，and we kept on trying.We experimented with type，with illustration and with photos.We kept asking：Why do we do it？What's our goal？

Design was not only about the front page.It was a part of the process.To be good was not enough.The process we made was about improving the product completely.

We adjusted the content accordingly.We improved everything to what our readers thought it should be and how they liked reading it.We kept improving and we had fun.

Soon in Poland ，our pages were named "Covers of the Year" three times in a row.One year later this newspaper，in the same country，they named it the "World's Best﹣Designed Newspaper".Two years later，the same award came to Estonia.The circulation of the newspapers kept going up.They became more and more popular.

Someone may think we are buying time，but our newspapers are alive，and growing.

（1）According to the passage，most people think newspapers 　    　.

A．	will be replaced
B．	should be improved
C．	need to be saved
D．	may die immediately

（2）Why did the writer go to work in Bonnier's newspaper？ 　    　

A．	Art director was a well﹣paid position.
B．	It would die and he was going to save it.
C．	He hoped to get more working experience.
D．	It was a big publishing company in Europe.

（3）Which of the following is probably the writer's opinion？ 　    　

A．	Newspapers can be alive if they are designed as posters.
B．	The other newspapers can develop as quickly as Bonnier.
C．	We may only buy time no matter how we save newspapers.
D．	Newspapers won't survive unless we keep improving them.

（4）What makes the writer's newspapers survive and grow？（请用约 40 词回答）

________________________

Wei Chen is interested in mountain climbing.（1） 　　This is one of the most exciting things about doing dangerous sports.There were many times when Wei Chen almost lost his life because of accidents.

One day，he found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing the mountain.

（2） 　 　Because he could not free his arm，he stayed there for three days till his water ran out.He used his knife to cut off half his right arm.Then，with his left arm，he bandaged （包扎）himself so that he would not lose too much blood.（3） 　　

After losing his arm，Wei Chen wrote a book about his experience. （4） 　　 His love for mountain climbing was so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.

Do we have the same spirit as Wei Chen？Let's think about it before we find ourselves in a terrible situation. （5） 　　

A.We have to make a decision when we face life or death.

B.His arm was caught under a heavy rock when he was climbing by himself.

C.As a mountain climber，he is used to taking risks.

D.After that，he climbed down the mountain to find help.

E.The importance of making good decisions and controlling of one's life is in it.

Many scientist once believed that physical similarities between identical twins are genetic（基因的），while their personalities，intelligence and other differences between them are an effect of their environment.Now scientists are discovering that the boundaries（界限）between genes and environment are not so clear.

Twins Jim Springer and Jim Lewis were adopted（领养）as babies and raised by different couples.When the Jims finally met at age 39，they discovered they had plenty in common.Both were six feet tall，180 pounds.They had the same smile and the same voice.When scientist Thomas Bouchard Jr.invited the Jim twins to his lab，people there found it very hard to tell them apart.

But the similarities didn't stop at the physical.They'd both had dogs named Toy.They had both married women named Linda and then their marriage broke up.They'd both been policemen，enjoyed music，and left love notes around the house for their wives.They had so much in common，it seemed unlikely these were just coincidences （巧合）.

The Jim twins were just one of 137 sets of separated twins.Bouchard tested.When they compared the twins' IQ scores，Bouchard and his team reached a surprising conclusion（结论）.They concluded that intelligence was mostly connected to genes rather than to training or education.It seemed the differences in family and environment had little effect.

However，genes can't control everything，argues geneticist Danielle Reed，who also studies twins.Reed's research shows that though nothing can truly change our DNA，environmental differences that a child experiences before birth and in their first year can sometimes affect the way the DNA behaves，making even identical twins into very different people. "What I like to say is that Mother Nature writes some things in pencil and some things in pen， "She explains. "Things written in pen you can't change.That's DNA.But things written in pencil you can. "

（1）How many physical similarities between the Jim twins are mentioned？ 　   

A．	2.
B．	3.
C．	4.
D．	5.

（2）What did Bouchard's study find about the twins？ 　    　

A．	Each seemed to be as tall as their twin.
B．	Each had the same hobby as their twin.
C．	Each had almost the same ability as their twin.
D．	Each had about the same IQ level as their twin.

（3）What is Reed's opinion about genes and environment？ 　 　

A．	Only DNA has an effect on our development.
B．	Environment could possibly change some things about us.
C．	There are no boundaries between genes and environment.
D．	Environmental differences can sometimes change our DNA．

（4）What is the passage mainly about？ 　    　

A．	The way the DNA behaves.
B．	The similarities between the Jim twins.
C．	The connection between intelligence and families.
D．	The effects of genes on personality and intelligence.

A bus stops at a small bus stop. A man is hungry and he wants to buy some cakes. It’s raining(下雨) hard, he doesn’t want to go out in the rain. He sees a boy. “Come here, boy!” he cries. “Do you know how much the cakes are?” The boy says yes. The man gives the boy four dollars (美元)and asks him to buy two cakes. “One is for you and one is for me.” Three minutes later, the boy comes back. He’s eating a cake. He gives the man two dollars and says: “Sorry, there is only one cake left.”
Where is the man?

A．He’s near the bus.	B．He is at home.
C．He’s on the bus.	D．He is in the car.

The man doesn’t want to go out because__________.

A．he is tired	B．he doesn’t like rain
C．he is hungry	D．it’s raining hard

. How many cakes does the boy get?

A．One

B．Two

C．Three

D．Four

How much are they if the boy buy five cakes?

A．five dollars

B．Four dollars

C．Ten dollars

D．Fifteen dollars

What’s the result (结果)?

A．The man eats the cake.

B．The boy eats the cake.

C．The boy doesn’t eat the cake.

D．The boy and the man both eat the cakes.

Hello! My name is Becky Sharp. I’m 11 years old. I have one brother. His name is Jason and he’s 14. I don’t have any sisters.
We live with our mum, dad and grandma in a small house in Chesterfield, in the north of England. There are lots of things to do here. My friends and I sometimes go to the cinema on Saturdays.
Do you like sports? I like football. My favourite team is Manchester United. I sometimes play football with my brother. I am good at it but my brother isn’t.
I have lots of pets---one tortoise (乌龟) and six goldfish (金鱼). I want a dog or a cat, but my mother doesn’t like them.
There are ________ people in Becky’s family.

A．three

B．four

C．five

D．six

Becky and her family live in________.

A．a big room	B．a cinema
C．the west of England	D．a small house

Does Becky play football well?________

A．Yes, she does.	B．No, she doesn’t.
C．She is not very good.	D．We don’t know.

Becky’s mother doesn’t like________.

A．tortoises or goldfish	B．tortoises or dogs
C．dogs or cats	D．goldfish or cats

What does “pet” mean in Chinese?

A．朋友

B．宠物

C．玩具

D．同伴

Yuan Bao and Xiao Putao are good friends . They are beautiful girls and many people like them .They both (两者都) have round faces and long hair .They also (也) have big eyes ,small noses and small mouths .Yuan Bao comes from Beijing .She is five years old .Xiao Putao comes from Shenzhen .She is five years old ,too .The two girls are both stars on the Internet(网络) .Yuan Bao and Xiao Putao have the same toys .Their moms are good friends ,too .
阅读短文内容，选择正确答案。
Yuan Bao has           .
A. small eyes             B. a small nose           C. short hair
Yuan Bao is from             .
A. Beijing                B. Shanghai             C.Shenzhen
Does Xiao Putao have long hair ?
A. Yes ,she does           B. No, she doesn`t        C. We don`t know .(不知道)
How old are the two girls ?
A.They are 3 years old .     B. They are 4 years old .   C. They are 5 years old .
Yuan Bao and Xiao Putao have the same            .
A . moms                 B. books                C. toys

How much sleep do we need? We are all different. Some people need only three hours of sleep a night. Others need ten hours of sleep a night. Most Americans sleep an average (平均值) of seven to eight hours a night. After the age of fifty the average sleep time goes down to 6.5 hours a night.
Most people have a bad night when they can not sleep. About one in three Americans has a problem with sleep. Many of these people can not fall sleep. This problem is called (叫做) insomnia. This is not a new problem. Many famous people in history had insomnia. Some of these people had special (特别的) ideas to another to make them sleep. Benjaming Franklin, the famous stateman (政治家) and inventor (发明家)，had four beds. He moved from one to another to fall asleep. King Lousis XIV of France had 13 beds and hoped that he could fall asleep in one of them. Mark Twain, the famous American writer, had a different way. He lay on his side on the end of the bed!
.Most American people need________ hours of sleep a night.

A．3

B．10

C．7-8

D．5-6

People need_________ sleep as they get older.

A．more

B．less（更少的）

C．no

D．little

“The problem is called insomnia.” Here “insomnia” means_________.

A．going to sleep easily	B．sleep at daytime
C．the ways of sleep	D．not being able to(能够)go to sleep

Mark Twain lay on his side on the end of the bed because he_________.

A．was an old man	B．thought it was easy to go sleep
C．was a famous writer	D．didn’t have much room to sleep in

The passage is mainly (主要地) talking about_________.

A．sleep	B．insomnia
C．how to go to bed	D．the famous person

阅读理解
Young people and older people don’t always agree. They sometimes have different ideas about living, working and playing. But in one special programme in New York State, adults and teenagers live together in a friendly way.
Each summer 200 teenagers and 50 adults live together for eight weeks as members of a special work group. Everyone works several hours each day. They do so not just to keep busy but to find meaning and enjoyment in work. Some teenagers work in the woods or on the farms near the village. Some learn to make things like tables and chairs and build houses. The adults teach them these skills.
There are several free hours each day. Weekends are free, too. During the free hours some of the teenagers learn phototaking or painting. Others sit around and talk or sing. Each teenager chooses his own way to spend his free time.
When people live together, rules are necessary. In this programme the teenagers and the adults make the rules together. If someone breaks a rule, the problem goes before the whole group. They talk about it and ask, “Why did it happen? What should we do about it?”
One of the teenagers has this to say about his experience, “You stop thinking only about yourself, You learn to think about the group.”
In one special programme in New York State, young and older people _______ .

A．don’t work well together.

B．are friendly to one another.

C．teach one another new ways of building houses.

D．spend eight weeks together, working as farmers.

All the members work some time every day mainly to _______ .

A．lead a busy life.	B．learn new skills of farming;
C．get used to the life on the farms	D．find value and pleasure in work

Living together, _________ .

A．the teenagers don’t have to obey the rules

B．the teenagers have to obey the rules the adults make

C．the members have no free time on weekends

D．the members are not allowed to break the rules they make together

The last programme shows that the teenager thinks his experience in the programme is ____ .

A．unpleasant

B．tiring

C．helpful

D．boring

The best title for the passage is __________ .

A．The rules of living together

B．Life in New York State

C．Teenagers in the special group

D．Free hours in the special work group

阅读理解
Today almost everyone knows computers and the Internet. If I ask you “What is the most important in your life?” maybe you will say “Computers and the Internet.”
The first computer was made in 1946. it was very big but it worked slowly. Today computers are getting smaller and smaller. But they work faster and faster. What can computers do? A writer has said, “People can’t live without computers today.”
The Internet came a little later than computers. It is about twenty-five years later than computers. But now it can be found almost everywhere. We can use it to read books, writer letters, do shopping, play computer games or make friends.
Many students like the Internet very much. They often go into the Internet as soon as they are free. They make friends on the Internet and maybe they have never seen these friends. They don’t know their real names, ages, and even sex. They are so interested in making the “unreal friends” that they can’t put their hearts into study. Many of them can’t catch up with others on many subjects because of that.
We can use computers and the Internet to learn more about the world. But at the same time, we should remember that not all the things can be done by computers and the Internet.
The Internet can not be used for______.

A．studying

B．shopping

C．thinking

D．playing

When the computer was invented, it was______.

A．large and worked quickly	B．small and worked slowly
C．large but worked slowly	D．small but worked quickly

The Internet was born in about________.

A．1960

B．1970

C．1980

D．1985

Which of the following is TRUE?

A．Few students like going into the Internet.

B．Students use the Internet to make “unreal friends.”

C．These “Unreal friends” often meet each other

D．Students know the friends on the Internet very well

What does the writer think of the Internet?

A．It is wonderful

B．It can make students study harder

C．It is not good for students

D．It is helpful, but we can’t do everything on it.

阅读理解
When July comes, children know they’ll have the final exams and the school year will end soon. Boys and girls will have a nearly two months’ holiday, and they’ll leave school by train or by car to return home to see their fathers and mothers.
The summer holiday is the best time of the year for most students. The weather is good, so they can spend most of their time playing outside .If one lives in the country, he can go on a trip into the woods or in the fields. If one lives in a big city, he can go to a park to play.
The best place for a summer holiday is the seaside. Some children are lucky enough to live near the sea. But for the others who do not, if they have the chance to stay at one of the big seaside towns for a week or two, they will talk about it all the following school year.
Now, what makes children like the seaside so much? I think it is the sand, the sea and the sun, not anything else. Of course, there are lots of new things to see, nice things to eat and interesting things to do. But the feeling of the sand under their feet, the salt water on their skin, and the warm sun on their backs make them happier.
Every year, school children have the final exams in ____, and the exam means the school year will end.

A．May

B．January

C．July

D．December

According to the passage, if a child comes from a big city, he can often ____ in the summer holidays.

A．stay at home	B．go on a trip to the woods
C．go on a trip in the fields	D．go to a park to play

It’s the best way for children to go to the ____ to spend their summer holidays.

A．park

B．seaside

C．city

D．country

____ make children like the seaside so much?

A．The beautiful parks	B．The new things
C．The sand, the sea and the sun	D．The people near the sea

Which of the following is Not true according to the passage?

A．After the final exams ,school children will stay at school for extra classes.

B．The summer holidays is a good time to go out for a trip.

C．The children from the countryside can have a good time in the woods in the summer holiday.

D．If some children go on a trip to the seaside, they will have many things to talk about.

Boys and girls, let’s begin our English class now. This time I want to talk about my family. Then I want you to say something about your families.
There are seven people in my family. They are my parents, my two sisters, my brother, his wife (妻子)and I. In England, a family like this is a big one. My father has a factory（工厂）. It isn’t very big. It makes all kinds of boats. My brother is a doctor. He works in a hospital(医院). His wife works in a hospital, too. She is a nurse. My two sisters are students. One wants to be a teacher. She studies hard and well. The other likes singing very much and can sing very well. So she wants to be a singer(歌手). I’m now in China teaching English and learning Chinese. My mother stays at home. Can you guess (猜测)what she does at home? Yes, she does housework. She is a housewife.
Where do I come from?

A．China

B．America

C．England

D．Canada

Where am I now ?

A．In China

B．In America

C．In England

D．In Canada

Who works in a school in my family?

A．One of my sisters

B．I

C．My father

D．My brother

My brother and his wife work _________.

A．as teachers

B．as nurses

C．as doctors

D．in a hospital

In Chinese “ housewife” means_________ .

A．干家务活的人

B．在家的妻子

C．家庭主妇

D．保姆

Hi, I’m Liu Ying. This is my school. It’s big and beautiful. There are twenty classes. There are nine hundred students in my school. There are four beautiful gardens in it. There is a building in my school. On the first floor, there are two offices and a hall. There are six classrooms on the first floor, too. On the second floor, there are fourteen classrooms. There are two toilets on the second floor. There is a big library and some reading rooms in my school, too.
How many classes are there in the school?

A．Ten

B．Fifteen

C．Twenty

D．fifty

Is there a building in the school?

A．No, there isn’t

B．Yes, there is

C．Yes, there are

D．No, there aren’t.

Are there any classrooms on the first floor?

A．Yes, there are

B．There is one

C．No, there aren’t

D．Only two

How many gardens are there in it?

A．Three

B．Four

C．One

D．Five

There are _________ students in the school.

A．one hundred

B．nine hundred

C．eight hundred

D．two hundred

Good morning, class!
We know that there are too many net bars around us. The Internet is popular and it makes our lives colorful. Many of us like going online very much because we can learn how to use the computer and get more information from the Internet. We can learn English. We can read some good newspapers and magazines. It can make us clever in playing computer games. We can send E-mails to our friends quickly. We can chat(聊天) freely online with our friends. It can help us get in touch with people from all over the world.
But some students spend too much time in playing computer game and some stay in the net bars all day and all night. Teenagers even get to have boyfriends or girlfriends online. They write too many letters to each other. It takes them to much time to chat online so they do worse and worse in their lessons and they don’t study well any more. I think we mustn’t get online when it is time for us to study. We can do it in summer or winter holidays. We should get online with adults(成人)--our teacher or parents.
At the same time, if we have lots of free time, we can do some out-of-class activities at school. We usually have activities from 4:50 to 5:50 in the afternoon. We have different kinds of activities. If you are interested in sports, you can play basketball or football. We can go to the English Corner. We can practice talking in English there. We hope we can spend more time on our subjects or on such activities that we can learn a lot from and less time on the Internet.
Thank you for listening to me. That’s all.
The short passage is about __________.

A．going online	B．how to communicate with others
C．how to spend our free time	D．different kinds of activities

The Internet can make our lives _________.

A．helpful and important	B．enjoyable and interesting
C．enjoyable but expensive	D．different kinds of activities

________ is not good.

A．Sending E-mails	B．Reading newspapers and magazines online
C．going on line with adults	D．Spending all day in the net bars

Playing computer games________.

A．gives us lots of information	B．makes our studies worse
C．makes us more clever	D．is harmful to our health

Which of the following is NOT right?

A．There are too many net bars in the cities.

B．We can learn English from the Internet.

C．We mustn’t get online when we are studying at school.

D．We cannot do out-of-class activities from 4:50 to 5:50 p.m.

Hello Sandy,
We have just returned from our holiday. We went with our friends Edward Smith and his wife Tina to the Yorkshire Moors. This is a beautiful place. It is a natural park. There are lots of places to walk on the tops of the hills, miles of grassland with no people, just sheep and birds.
Edward, who had just come out of hospital, could not walk as far as he used to. However this meant that we walked in the mornings, and then stopped at a cafe for lunch each day, before returning to the place we live. Edward and I slept in front of the fire all afternoon, while the ladies went for another walk. Very pleasant!
I have taken lots of photos from the place we live, across the valley（峡谷）below us, of the morning sunrise, and the mist in the valley. Also, in England, the old steam powered trains（蒸汽火车）are very popular. I have taken many photos of the train and from it.
Yesterday we had the first snow of this winter. It is very early （we usually expect snow in January）. It rained all day, and then snowed in the evening. Today we have bright sunshine!
Both Jenny and I are well. I don’t know if I told you, in the last E-mail, that Jenny is now working in a hotel. Although she has to work hard, people there are nice and she is enjoying the work.
Please write to us to tell us your news.
Yours,
Victor
What kind of place is the Yorkshire Moors?

A．A hotel.

B．A natural park.

C．A hospital.

D．A cafe.

When did the ladies take a walk?

A．Only in the morning.	B．Only in the afternoon.
C．Both in the morning and in the afternoon.	D．In the evening.

They had ______ snow this winter.

A．an early

B．a late

C．a usual

D．a big

What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．The valley.

B．Travel.

C．The mist.

D．The train.

What do we know from this passage?

A．This is the first time Victor wrote an e-mall to Sandy.

B．Edward didn’t go traveling because he had just come out of hospital.

C．Jenny’s new job in a hotel is an easy one.

D．People in England like the old steam powered trains very much.